How to watch
01
Pick the right night. The peak is the night of 11–12 August. The radiant rises in the north-east after sunset. Rates climb throughout the night and reach their maximum in the pre-dawn hours when Perseus is highest. Even nights either side of the peak can produce good rates.
02
Get away from light pollution. A dark sky is the single biggest factor in how many meteors you see. Check the
Light Pollution Map for dark sites near you. Even 30–40 km from a city makes a large difference.
03
Dark-adapt your eyes. It takes about 20 minutes for your eyes to fully adjust to darkness. Avoid phone screens, car headlights, and torches. Use red light if you need to see in the dark — it does not destroy night vision.
04
Look north-east, away from the radiant. You do not need to stare at Perseus. Meteors appear all over the sky — looking 40–60° from the radiant gives you longer trails and more of the sky in your field of view.
What causes the Perseids
Every time Comet 109P/Swift-Tuttle passes through the inner
Solar System (its orbital period is ~130 years), it sheds debris along its
orbit. Over millennia, this debris has spread into a broad trail that Earth
crosses every August. The particles — mostly the size of sand grains to
peas — enter the atmosphere at ~59 km/s, compress and heat the air in front
of them, and ablate in a brief flash of light. The full story is in our
asteroids, comets and meteors guide.
Comparing the major annual showers
Perseids12 Aug~100109P/Swift-Tuttle
Geminids14 Dec~1203200 Phaethon
Leonids17–18 Nov~1555P/Tempel-Tuttle
Quadrantids3–4 Jan~1202003 EH1
ZHR = Zenithal Hourly Rate under ideal dark-sky conditions. Source: AMS